Age at natural menopause and risk of type 2 diabetes: a prospective cohort study
10 July 2023
Summary
Recently, Muka et al. [1] carried out a prospective cohort study that aimed at examining the association between the age at natural menopause and the risk of developing type 2 diabetes. For this, 3,639 postmenopausal women of the Rotterdam population based study were included. Age of natural menopause was retrospectively self-reported and was treated as a continuous variable and in categories: premature < 40 years, early 40-44 years, normal 45-55 years, and late > 55 years. Other potential mediators such as obesity, C-reactive protein (CRP), blood glucose, insulin level, total estradiol, and androgens were also included. Women were followed for a period of 9.2 years, time in which 348 women who developed type 2 diabetes were identified. After adjusting for the data, the results showed a hazard ratio (HR) of 3.7 (95% CI: 1.8, 7.5), 2.4 (95% CI: 1.3, 4.3), and 1.60 (95% Cl: 1.0, 2.8) for women with premature, early, and normal menopause, respectively, in developing type 2 diabetes, in comparison to those with late menopause. The HR for type 2 diabetes per 1 year older at menopause was 0.96 (95% CI 0.94, 0.98). Further adjustment for body mass index, glycaemic traits, metabolic risk factors, C-reactive protein, endogenous sex hormone levels or shared genetic factors did not affect this association. The authors conclude that early onset of natural menopause is an independent marker for type 2 diabetes in postmenopausal women.
Commentary
Camilo Rueda-Beltz, MD
Universidad de la Sabana, Chía, Colombia
Clínica del Country-La Colina
Bogotá, Colombia
Alejandra Prieto-Guerrero, MD
Universidad de la Sabana, Clínica Universidad de La Sabana
Chía, Colombia
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